A buyer-focused guide to how acquisition teams use valuation calculators in practice: first-pass screening, EBITDA normalization, multiple sensitivity, EV-to-equity bridge logic, and the thresholds that determine whether a deal advances to underwriting.
A founder-focused guide to synergy valuation in M&A, including standalone value, cost and revenue synergies, risk adjustment, transaction comparables, integration costs, strategic premiums, and seller proceeds.
Buyers do not pay for accounting profit alone. They underwrite how much earnings convert into durable, transferable cash flow after normalizations, working capital needs, capital expenditures, and closing adjustments. This article explains why cash conversion drives valuation more than headline profit in a middle-market sale.
A buyer-underwriting guide to EBITDA versus revenue in M&A, including when EBITDA can exceed revenue, revenue quality, normalized earnings, valuation multiples, purchase-price factors, enterprise value, equity value, and seller proceeds.